Legal Questions

McCollister and Pflaum (MP, 2007) maintain that “[f]orensic economists frequently treat dynamic variables considered in worklife and life expectancy calculations as fixed in the development of life and worklife tables. This procedure can lead to substantial errors.” Primary alleged offending authors are Richards (1999) in regard to occupation, smoking status, marital status, and language proficiency worklife tables; Ciecka and Goldman (1995) in regard to smoking; and Slesnick and Thornton (1997) for medical risks. MP focus on worklife by marital status in the one, and only, example calculation in their note. To estimate worklife expectancy, they “multiply the probabilities for marital status by those of the corresponding labor force participation status and the probability of living to that age.” That is, in order to capture the dynamic nature of marital status, MP make labor force participation a fundamental building block of worklife expectancy. Survival probabilities combined with labor force participation rates comprise the LP parts of the old LPE model. Skoog and Ciecka (2004) have shown that this model can be viewed as a Markov process, but it contains highly restrictive assumptions about transition probabilities between active and inactive states. With the usual notation (a for active, i for inactive, x for age, p for transition probability, pp for participation rate, and L for the number of survivors), the LPE model and MP implicitly assume that ^sup a^p^sup a^^sub x^ = ^sup i^p^sup a^^sub x^= (L^sub x+1^/L^sup x^ )pp^sub x^ ) and ^sup a^p^sup i^^sub x^=^sup i^p^sup i^^sub x^=(L^sub x-1^/L^sub b^)(1-pp^sub x^. In words, transitions are independent with respect to labor force state at age x. There are equal probabilities of being active at age x+1 whether active or inactive at age x, and equal probabilities of being inactive at age x+1 whether active or inactive at age x - assumptions decisively disconfirmed by estimates of transition probabilities by several authors (for example, see Krueger’s (2004) estimates of transition probabilities).

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If you want to get a NIE number before going to Spain, one way is you can get hold of a Spanish speaking property lawyer, who will be able to help in getting your number for you. Although you will need to be in Spain about 2 to 3 weeks later to pick up your form.

This form will help you to be able to purchase that Spanish property you were hoping to get without too much delay. Of course, you will need to pay a fixed fee at most places you go to get this service and it can be quite expensive !.

A Spanish Numero de Identificacion de extranjeros, is a number that is needed by a foreigner who might have some sort of economic interest in Spain, but who is not from Spain. The number is also a tax number which needs to be used in any dealings you have with the Spanish authorities for taxes, like buying or selling property, mortgage applications, operating a business, bank accounts, inheritance dealings, a driver license application, and several other kinds of transactions.

If you or anyone you know happens to be thinking of buying property in Spain, a NIE number will be required. Usually people aren’t even aware that they will need this special number. This is because a lot of people are not advised correctly.

If there is more than one person who is going to be listed as the purchaser they will need a number too, and will have to have this before signing the deed of sale. If you are getting ready to look for property in Spain, you should really fill out the application as soon as possible.

It’s not always certain how long the issue of this number will take, and this delay may affect the purchase of the property going through. The number itself is a simple A4 sized paper that shows not only your name, but your date of birth and of course an official stamp.

The number has seven letters with an X in the front of them although the newer forms now start with a Y. You can either get the form to apply for a number at a local police station in Spain, download one from the Spanish Ministry, or in the UK from a Spanish property solicitor. The best option if trying to get a NIE number whilst in the UK Via the Spanish Consulate.

All the paperwork is naturally in Spanish so make sure you can translate back to English. When you apply for a NIE number you will need to apply in person at the Foreigner’s Department. Try and pick a station that is closest to where you plan on getting the property, plus you may need to visit Spain at least twice to finish the application.

You can go to the Spanish Embassy in the UK and apply there too for a number, but this way of getting the number will take around 3 to 4 Weeks. Or you could also get a number by going through an attorney. The process of getting a NIE number is easy but very time consuming. So try and get the process started before looking into property.

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Having a traffic ticket issued is never a walk in the park. Being pulled over in the middle of the day isn’t a walk in the park either but being pulled over at night is especially scary. It will get your heart racing. Those flashing blue and red lights seemingly coming out of nowhere can make anyone uneasy. If you have to fight a traffic ticket in court this is part two of how to do so.

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Having a child who is bullied at school is a parent’s worst fear. To have your child physically and emotionally abused by another child can make any parents cringe. Schools are supposed to be considered safe havens for many children, a place where they can go and not have to worry about being threatened or injured, but for many children it is not. Sometimes the bullying is so severe that the child being bullied suffers injuries that are only healed by surgery. Like in the recent case of an 11 year old boy who was beaten up so badly in school that the child was left needing brain surgery after he were punched in the face. After the child was brought to a local hospital it was discovered that the boy had a fractured skull that could only be repaired by doctors doing surgery that will leave the boy with three metal plates in his head. Attorney Paul J Napoli has dealt with personal injury cases similar to this and sees the continuing trend of bullies in school. The young boy’s parents filed a lawsuit for over $3,000,000 against the entire school for the incident which occurred in the end of September as the children were lining up to go back into school after recess.

According to Paul J Napoli, personal injury lawsuits can be filed when the client has been injured financially, or physically as the result of another. In this case the child and his parents filed the lawsuit against the boy’s school, after school officials ignored complaints that stem back to almost three years before. These complaints went on for three years before the boy was so severely injured that he needed surgery. In Paul J Napoli’s eyes, this is unacceptable. For a child to undergo bullying is terrible, but for a child to suffer at the hands of another child for three years before something is done about the situation is appalling. To make this situation more tragic, the boy was punched a day earlier by the exact same boy and reported it to his teacher and the school secretary, and neither of them did anything about it, the boys parents were not even informed of the accident.

The lawsuit that was filed by the boys parent’s claims that the teachers and authorities at the school were careless and negligent when it came to protecting their child. Not only did the school not inform the parents about the first incident that occurred the day before, the school also allowed the child to be bullied for years leading up to the incident. In every school district there are laws that govern what teachers are responsible for, and protecting the children who attend the school and the boy’s school did not abide by these laws. Paul J Napoli has dealt with personal injury cases similar to this in the past and in many of these cases the victim has not only suffered emotional problems, but has suffered permanent injuries such as short-term memory loss, or headaches.

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Wyoming says the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service shouldn’t try to force the state to rewrite its wolf management law as a condition of ending federal protections for gray wolves in the state.

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Via Court-o-rama, I learned about Typealyzer, a neat tool that subjects your blog to a Myers-Briggs personality test. In case you’re wondering, we here at Legal Blog Watch rank as an INTJ (introverted, intuitive, thinking and judging) — or “The Scientists” as we’re categorized by Typealyzer.

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>It is sometimes difficult to keep a sense of perspective within
the IT sector. For as long as anyone can remember, it has been said
that processing power is doubling, timescales are shrinking and
convergence is happening. However, the dual effects of the bursting
of the tech bubble and the shock waves from the Enron affair, mark
the end of a period marked by activity that was at best frantic, at
worst …

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This article is a first in a series of Journal of Legal Economics articles under the Data Points Associate Editorship category as edited by Tom Hale and Kurt Krueger. Tom Hale of the Social Security Administration leads off this new section of the JLE with an article analyzing the disability questions contained within the Current Population Survey. We are soliciting papers from JLE readers for the Data Points section that describe data sources, computer software, and sites on the Internet related to the computation of damages in litigation or business valuation. We encourage all forms and lengths of submissions from brief announcements to detailed research. We also encourage anyone with suggestions of relevant topics they would like seen presented in Data Points to send an email to us at route216@verizon.net or Krueger@JohnWardEconomics.com.

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